Teething is a major milestone in your baby’s development. However, it can be a tough challenge for babies and parents. When your baby’s first teeth begin to push through the gums, it can lead to pain, fussiness and discomfort.
There are safe ways to help ease your child’s teething pain and some things to avoid. Read on to learn the best practices for managing teething and keeping your baby comfortable during this phase.
What is teething?
Teething is when your baby’s first set of teeth (baby teeth) sprout from the gums. You may hear others also call them primary teeth, deciduous teeth or milk teeth.
“Teething usually starts around six months and lasts until two or three years old,” said Coleen Marias, MD, a pediatrician with Banner Health.
The first teeth to come through are usually the middle teeth on the bottom, followed by the middle teeth on the top. The first set of molars usually breaks through between 12 and 18 months and the second set emerges last, for a total of 20 baby teeth by two to three years old.
Signs of teething
“One of the most common signs of teething is drooling,” Dr. Marias said. “This can start as early as two to four months, even before the first tooth appears.”
Other signs and symptoms of teething are:
- Crankiness or fussiness
- Swollen gums
- Problems sleeping
- Increased chewing on hands or objects
However, Dr. Marias noted that teething does not cause fever, diarrhea, vomiting or rash. If these symptoms occur, it is important to contact your child’s health care provider.
Safe teething tips for babies and toddlers
When your baby is in pain or uncomfortable, all you want to do is help them. The best care for teething is supportive. Dr. Marias shared five safe teething tips:
1. Teething toys
Teething toys are a parent’s best friend during this time. These specially designed toys are made from safe materials, often rubber or silicone, that are soft enough for babies to chew on. Chewing on these toys helps relieve the pressure on your baby’s gums and provides a soothing effect.
“Make sure the teething toy is solid,” Dr. Marias said. “Teething toys that can break should be avoided to prevent choking hazards.”
Also, never tie a teething ring or toy around your child’s neck. It may increase your child’s risk of strangulation if the ring gets caught on something.
Tip: Refrigerate teething rings to reduce gum swelling. Avoid freezing them, as this can cause frostbite and damage your baby’s gums, mouth or cheeks.
2. Cold washcloths
A cold washcloth is another easy and effective way to help soothe your baby’s sore or tender gums. Dampen a clean washcloth and place it in the refrigerator briefly to chill. Once cool, hold onto the washcloth as your child chews on it. The cold sensation can provide relief and help reduce swelling.
Tip: Always watch your baby when using a washcloth to prevent choking.
3. Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers
In some cases, your little one may need extra help managing the pain. OTC pain relievers, such as infant acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin), can ease teething pain. However, do not give your child baby aspirin unless directed by their pediatrician as it can increase their risk of Reye’s syndrome.
Tip: “It’s always best to check with your baby’s care provider before giving any medication to your child,” Dr. Marias said. “They can give you the appropriate dosage based on your baby’s weight and age.”
Read “5 Stress-Free Ways to Help Your Child’s Medicine Go Down Easier.”
4. Breastfeeding or bottle feeding
If you’re nursing, don’t be afraid to continue breastfeeding your baby during teething. The act of sucking can comfort your baby and help distract them from the pain. Bottle feeding can provide the same sense of comfort.
Tip: For some babies, sucking may make the gums hurt more. If your baby refuses to nurse, pump or use formula and give it to your child in a bottle or sippy cup. Learn more about the benefits of breast milk and formula.
5. Massage the gums
Gentle gum massage can also relieve teething pain. Wash your hands well with soap and water. With a clean finger, gently rub along your baby’s swollen gums to help soothe discomfort. Avoid applying too much pressure.
Tip: Keep your nails short and smooth to ensure a gentle touch.
What NOT to do when your baby is teething
While there are plenty of safe ways to help teething pain, there are also things that should be avoided.
1. Numbing gels and creams with benzocaine
Some teething tablets, gels and creams contain benzocaine, a numbing agent. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) warns against using these due to the risk of a rare but serious condition called methemoglobinemia that affects the body’s ability to carry oxygen.
2. Homeopathic teething products
You may be tempted to try homeopathic teething tablets or other remedies, but these can be risky and are not regulated by the FDA. Some homeopathic remedies may have an ingredient called Atropa belladonna, which can cause seizures, trouble breathing and agitation.
3. Amber teething necklaces or bracelets
Amber teething necklaces have become popular but they are unsafe for babies. They can pose a choking hazard or cause strangulation if the necklace breaks.
When to call a health care specialist
Teething pain is generally manageable at home with the right tools and techniques. Contact your health care provider if your baby:
- Develops a fever over 101°F / 38°C)
- Has severe diarrhea or vomiting
- Seems very uncomfortable despite teething remedies
- Has unusual swelling or redness in their gums
The provider can guide you and ensure there are no underlying health issues.
Takeaway
Teething can be tough but there are safe ways to help your baby feel better. To ease pain, use teething toys, cold washcloths and gentle massages.
Always check with a health care provider before using pain relievers. Contact the provider or a Banner Health specialist if your baby has unusual symptoms. This phase will soon pass, and your baby will be back to smiling (with teeth) in no time!
